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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
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Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Patient Derived Cell Culture and Isolation of CD133+ Putative Cancer Stem Cells from Melanoma
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Circulating cancer stem cells: the importance to select.

Ming-Hsin Yang1, Ahmet Imrali1, Christopher Heeschen1

  • 11 Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer & Ageing, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK ; 2 Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan ; 3 Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.

Chinese Journal of Cancer Research = Chung-Kuo Yen Cheng Yen Chiu
|November 7, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are found even in localized cancers and can predict patient outcomes. Further research into circulating cancer stem cells is crucial for developing new therapies to prevent metastasis.

Keywords:
Cancer stem cellscirculating tumor cells (CTCs)drug resistance

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are shed from primary tumors, even in early stages.
  • CTCs are increasingly recognized for their prognostic value and potential as a non-invasive 'liquid biopsy'.
  • Challenges remain in isolating and characterizing rare CTCs, especially specific subpopulations like circulating cancer stem cells (CCSCs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the significance of isolating and characterizing CCSCs.
  • To highlight the role of CCSCs in metastasis and their potential as therapeutic targets.
  • To discuss current technological limitations in CCSC research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on CTCs and CCSCs.
  • Analysis of the biological properties and clinical implications of CCSCs.
  • Discussion of existing and emerging technologies for CTC/CCSC detection and analysis.

Main Results:

  • CTCs are present in various cancer stages and their enumeration correlates with patient outcomes.
  • CCSCs represent a distinct, highly tumorigenic subpopulation of CTCs with metastasis-initiating capabilities.
  • CCSCs possess stemness properties, invasiveness, and immune evasion mechanisms critical for metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • CCSCs are promising therapeutic targets for preventing cancer progression and metastasis.
  • Further technological advancements are needed for robust isolation and characterization of CCSCs.
  • Understanding CTC heterogeneity, particularly CCSCs, is vital for advancing cancer diagnostics and treatment.