Genetic polymorphism study at 15 autosomal locus in central Indian population.

Area of Science:

• Forensic Science
• Population Genetics
• Human Genetics

Background:

• Autosomal Short Tandem Repeat (STR) loci are crucial for human identification and population genetic studies.
• Understanding genetic variation within and between populations is essential for accurate forensic analysis and anthropological research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize the genetic variation at 15 autosomal STR loci in a population from Madhya Pradesh, India.
• To evaluate the forensic efficiency of these STR loci for individual identification.
• To assess the genetic relationship of the studied population with other Indian and global populations.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of 15 autosomal STR loci (TH01, D3S1358, vWA, D21S11, TPOX, D7S820, D19S433, D5S818, D2S1358, D16S539, CSF1PO, D13S317, FGA, D18S51, D8S1179) in 582 healthy individuals.
• Determination of allele frequencies and statistical parameters like Combined Power of Discrimination (CPD).
• Comparison of genetic data with other populations using phylogenetic analysis (NJ tree) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA).

Main Results:

• All studied STR loci, except TPOX, were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
• The 15 STR loci demonstrated high informativeness and discriminating power, with a CPD exceeding 0.99999.
• The Madhya Pradesh population exhibited genetic proximity to geographically closer Indian populations and significant variation from distant ones, as shown by clustering patterns.

Conclusions:

• The analyzed STR loci are highly effective for forensic identification in the Madhya Pradesh population.
• The study provides valuable genetic data for Indian population genetics and forensic databases.
• Genetic structuring within India is evident, with regional variations influencing population relationships.