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Electron Transport Chains

Electron Transport Chains

The final stage of cellular respiration is oxidative phosphorylation that consists of two steps: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. The electron transport chain is a set of proteins found in the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. Its primary function is to establish a proton gradient that can be used during chemiosmosis to produce ATP and generate electron carriers, such as NAD+ and FAD, that are used in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
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Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Electrochemical Detection of Deuterium Kinetic Isotope Effect on Extracellular Electron Transport in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1

Electrochemical Detection of Deuterium Kinetic Isotope Effect on Extracellular Electron Transport in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1

Published on: April 16, 2018

Modelling extracellular limitations for mediated versus direct interspecies electron transfer.

Tomas Storck¹, Bernardino Virdis^1,2, Damien J Batstone¹

¹Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

The ISME Journal

|November 7, 2015

Summary

Direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) is often compared to mediated IET (MIET). Formate-mediated IET shows higher rates than DIET, but DIET may be favored under specific thermodynamic conditions.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Biochemistry
Environmental Science

Background:

Interspecies electron transfer (IET) is crucial for anaerobic microbial communities.
Direct IET (DIET) is proposed as more efficient than mediated IET (MIET) via hydrogen or formate.
Understanding IET mode limitations is key to optimizing microbial processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the relative feasibility of DIET versus MIET (formate and hydrogen).
To model external limitations influencing different IET modes.
To determine factors affecting the favorability of each IET mode.

Main Methods:

Utilized a reaction-diffusion-electrochemical model in a 3D domain.
Analyzed external limitations for DIET and MIET.
Investigated the impact of key parameters on electron transfer rates.

Main Results:

Formate-MIET exhibited significantly higher electron transfer rates (317 × 10^3 e-/cp/s) compared to DIET (44.9 × 10^3 e-/cp/s) and hydrogen-MIET (5.24 × 10^3 e-/cp/s).
MIET was limited by mediator concentration gradients, while DIET was limited by redox cofactor activation.
Formate-MIET was generally more favorable across tested parameter ranges.

Conclusions:

External limitations significantly impact IET mode favorability.
While formate-MIET often shows higher rates, DIET can be competitive if close to thermodynamic feasibility due to metabolic efficiency.
Network size did not strongly influence the relative favorability of IET modes.