Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 11, 2026

An Ex vivo Model of an Oligodendrocyte-directed T-Cell Attack in Acute Brain Slices
Published on: February 5, 2015
Ultrastructural Pathology of Oligodendroglial Cells in Traumatic and Hydrocephalic Human Brain Edema: A Review
1a Biological Research Institute "Drs. Orlando Castejón and Haydée Viloria de Castejón," School of Medicine, Universidad del Zulia , Maracaibo , Venezuela.
Abstract:
Oligodendroglial cell changes in human traumatic brain injuries and hydrocephalus have been reviewed and compared with experimental brain edema. Resting unreactive oligodendrocytes, reactive oligodendrocytes, anoxic-ischemic oligodendrocytes, hyperthrophic phagocytic oligodendrocytes, and apoptotic oligodendrocytes are found. Anoxic-ischemic oligodendrocytes exhibit enlargement of endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, and enlargement and disassembly of nuclear envelope. They appear in contact with degenerated myelinated axons. Hypertrophic phagocytic oligodendrocytes engulf degenerated myelinated axons exerting myelinolytic effects. A continuum oncotic and apoptotic cell death type leading to necrosis is observed. The vasogenic and cytotoxic components of brain edema are discussed in relation to oligodendroglial cell changes and reactivity.
Related Concept Videos
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology
Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology
Cerebral Edema l: Introduction
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology
Cytotoxic Edema: Pathophysiology
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

