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Related Concept Videos

Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

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Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
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Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways01:29

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Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
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Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

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Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
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Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

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Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
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Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

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The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
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Direct Motor Pathways01:11

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The direct motor pathways, also known as the pyramidal tracts, are a group of neural pathways that originate in the brain and descend through the spinal cord. They control the voluntary movement of the body. There are two major direct motor pathways: the corticospinal and the corticobulbar tracts.
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Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
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Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

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Dorsal and Ventral Pathways for Prosody.

Daniela Sammler1, Marie-Hélène Grosbras2, Alfred Anwander3

  • 1Otto Hahn Group Neural Bases of Intonation in Speech, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, UK.

Current Biology : CB
|November 10, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vocal prosody perception involves dual processing routes in the right hemisphere, utilizing both auditory ventral and auditory-motor dorsal pathways. This finding suggests a parallel, yet rightward-asymmetric, brain architecture for processing vocal tone.

Keywords:
DWITMSdual pathway modelfMRIfiber tractslanguagelarynxmotor simulationprosodyright-hemispheric lateralization

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Auditory Perception

Background:

  • Vocal prosody significantly influences speech meaning beyond lexical content.
  • The brain's language processing involves distinct dorsal and ventral streams, primarily in the left hemisphere.
  • The neural pathways for prosody perception, particularly its potential dual-stream nature in the right hemisphere, remain debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether prosody perception utilizes analogous dorsal and ventral processing streams in the right hemisphere.
  • To elucidate the specific pathways involved in categorizing speech based on prosodic pitch contours.
  • To determine the role of motor areas in prosody perception.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a novel paradigm combining audio morphing with multimodal neuroimaging (fMRI) and brain stimulation (TMS).
  • Experiment 1: Assessed brain activity during categorization of speech stimuli varying in prosodic pitch contour.
  • Experiment 2: Used inhibitory transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on the right premotor cortex to assess its causal role.

Main Results:

  • Prosody categorization engaged both an auditory ventral pathway (superior temporal lobe) and auditory-motor dorsal pathways (temporo-frontal areas).
  • Inhibitory stimulation of the right premotor cortex impaired performance in prosody categorization, confirming dorsal stream involvement.
  • Evidence supports a dual-stream model for prosody processing in the right hemisphere, with relative rightward asymmetry.

Conclusions:

  • Prosody perception is mediated by dual routes along dorsal and ventral pathways in the right hemisphere.
  • The findings reveal a parallel, yet rightward-lateralized, processing architecture for prosody, mirroring language streams in the left hemisphere.
  • Motor system engagement is crucial for perceiving vocal prosody.