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Related Concept Videos

Microbiota of the Large Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Large Intestine

40
The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
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Functions of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

46
The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
46
Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine

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The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is characterized by distinct physicochemical conditions that shape its microbial communities. Among these, the stomach presents a particularly challenging environment for microbial colonization due to its highly acidic pH, ranging from 1 to 3. This extreme acidity effectively limits microbial density. However, certain acid-tolerant microorganisms are capable of surviving in this niche. Notably, Helicobacter pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa,...
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Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

68
Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
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Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine01:29

Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine

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The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
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Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

34
The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Cefoperazone-treated Mouse Model of Clinically-relevant Clostridium difficile Strain R20291
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Cefoperazone-treated Mouse Model of Clinically-relevant Clostridium difficile Strain R20291

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Clostridium difficile infection and intestinal microbiota interactions.

C Rodriguez1, B Taminiau1, J Van Broeck2

  • 1Food Science Department, FARAH, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.

Microbial Pathogenesis
|November 10, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Clostridium difficile causes healthcare-associated diarrhea globally. Studying gut microbiota offers new treatments like fecal microbiota transplantation for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and prevention strategies.

Keywords:
Clostridium difficileColonisationInfectionIntestinal microbiota

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Cefoperazone-treated Mouse Model of Clinically-relevant Clostridium difficile Strain R20291
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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection
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A Protocol to Characterize the Morphological Changes of Clostridium difficile in Response to Antibiotic Treatment
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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Clostridium difficile is a primary cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea, with ongoing global outbreaks.
  • It's also emerging as a significant community pathogen and is found asymptomatically in neonates, adults, and animals.
  • Understanding the gut microbiome is crucial for managing C. difficile infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of intestinal microbiota in Clostridium difficile infection (CDI).
  • To identify new therapeutic and prophylactic strategies for CDI based on gut microbiota modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gut microbial communities in healthy individuals and CDI patients.
  • Review of existing data on the gut microbiome and its relation to C. difficile.

Main Results:

  • Findings highlight the significant impact of gut microbiota composition on C. difficile infection.
  • Data suggests potential for microbiota-based interventions in treating and preventing CDI.

Conclusions:

  • Intestinal microbiota plays a critical role in both health and C. difficile infection.
  • Modifying gut microbiota presents promising avenues for novel CDI treatments, including fecal microbiota transplantation and functional foods.