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Can we resist another person's gaze?

Barbara F M Marino1, Giovanni Mirabella2, Rossana Actis-Grosso3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca Milan, Italy.

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|November 10, 2015
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Summary

Inhibiting actions triggered by social cues, like eye gaze, is harder than stopping actions from non-social cues. This suggests social stimuli, due to their inherent value, more strongly influence our self-control abilities.

Keywords:
behavioral flexibilitycountermanding taskgaze-following behaviorsaccadic eye movementssaccadic inhibitionsocial attentionvoluntary motor control

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Flexible behavior and self-control rely on stopping inappropriate actions.
  • Gaze direction is a potent social cue influencing automatic gaze-following behavior (joint attention).
  • The interaction between social cues and volitional saccade inhibition is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how social cues, specifically eye gaze, affect the ability to inhibit planned saccadic eye movements.
  • To compare inhibitory control for actions initiated by social cues versus non-social cues.

Main Methods:

  • A countermanding task was administered to 15 healthy participants.
  • Participants performed a saccade inhibition task under two conditions: a social condition (SC) using eye gaze cues and a non-social condition (N-SC) using color change cues.
  • Inhibition was required when a central cue appeared after an initial directional cue.

Main Results:

  • Inhibitory control was significantly more impaired in the social condition (SC) compared to the non-social condition (N-SC).
  • Participants had greater difficulty withholding saccades when initiated by social eye gaze cues.

Conclusions:

  • Social cues, particularly eye gaze, pose a greater challenge to volitional inhibitory control than non-social cues.
  • The inherent social value and frequent use of eye gaze cues likely contribute to their stronger influence on action inhibition.