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Complete Generalized Gibbs Ensembles in an Interacting Theory.

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Researchers identified conserved charges for integrable many-particle systems. This enables exact predictions for stationary states after quantum quenches using the generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE).

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Many-Body Systems
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Integrable many-particle systems are expected to reach a stationary state described by a generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE).
  • A complete set of conserved charges is necessary for the GGE to yield exact steady-state predictions.
  • Identifying these charges has been a long-standing challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To solve the problem of identifying a complete set of conserved charges for integrable systems.
  • To construct a generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE) that uniquely describes the stationary state after a quantum quench.
  • To provide a general method applicable to other integrable models.

Main Methods:

  • Explicit construction of a generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE).
  • Utilizing recently discovered quasilocal charges.
  • Application to the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain.

Main Results:

  • A complete set of conserved charges was identified for the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain.
  • A GGE was constructed, uniquely fixing the macrostate of the stationary behavior after a general quantum quench.
  • The method successfully reproduced exact steady-state results for the Néel quench problem.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a method to identify conserved charges and construct a GGE for integrable systems.
  • Quasilocal charges are crucial for this construction and generalize to other models.
  • This work offers exact steady-state predictions for quantum quenches in integrable systems.