Single-domain antibodies for biomedical applications

Area of Science:

• Immunology and Biotechnology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Single-domain antibodies represent the smallest functional antigen-binding units.
• They can be naturally derived (camelids, sharks) or engineered (human domains).

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the characteristics and applications of single-domain antibodies.
• To highlight their potential in biomedical fields.

Main Methods:

• Review of naturally occurring and engineered antibody variable and constant domains.
• Analysis of biophysical properties such as affinity, specificity, and stability.

Main Results:

• Single-domain antibodies exhibit high affinity, specificity, and stability.
• Their small size and formatting flexibility are key advantages.
• Successful clinical development cases demonstrate their viability.

Conclusions:

• Single-domain antibodies are promising candidates for diverse biomedical applications.
• Their unique properties facilitate development and therapeutic potential.