The development and progress of urology in Europe

Based on the data of eminent European urologists, author gives an overview of the development of urology in Europe from the Ancient Times to our days. Reviewing the history, he has attempted to follow the simultaneous events in various countries. In discussing them, the most important events are highlighted. Such milestones in the history of urology were lithotomy and litholapaxy. He attributes no less importance to the development of the individual urological schools. He could not aim at completeness, since it was not easy to gather the historical data. At the end of the paper he expresses his thanks to all those who were of great help in compiling the data.