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Related Concept Videos

Antibody Structure01:10

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Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
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In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E sIgE
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Serological IgE Analyses in the Diagnostic Algorithm for Allergic Disease.

Robert G Hamilton1, John Oppenheimer2

  • 1Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. in Practice
|November 11, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This review discusses how immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody testing aids in diagnosing allergic diseases by assessing sensitization. It highlights the importance of clinical history and critiques various testing methods for accurate allergy diagnosis.

Keywords:
Allergen extractClinical historyComponent-resolved diagnosisHumanIgEImmunosorbent allergen chipMicroarrayMolecular allergenPretest probabilityRadioimmunoassaySkin testing

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical immunology
  • Allergy diagnostics
  • Serological testing

Background:

  • Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody analysis is crucial for diagnosing allergic diseases.
  • Serological methods assess patient sensitization, a key risk factor for allergic symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the role of IgE antibody measurements in the diagnostic algorithm for allergic diseases.
  • To evaluate in vitro and in vivo methods for assessing sensitization to inhalants, venoms, drugs, and foods.
  • To critique analytical methods for IgE detection and quantification.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on IgE antibody analyses and diagnostic modalities.
  • Discussion of allergen groups including inhalants, venoms, drugs, and foods.
  • Critique of past and present analytical methods for IgE detection.

Main Results:

  • IgE antibody measurements are integral to diagnosing allergic diseases, guiding clinical decisions based on pretest likelihood.
  • Allergenic molecule-based assays offer enhanced sensitivity and specificity compared to allergen extract-based IgE assays.
  • Discordant IgE levels with symptoms can arise from clinically irrelevant positive IgE responses.

Conclusions:

  • IgE antibody testing plays a vital role in the diagnostic algorithm for allergic diseases.
  • Understanding analytical methods and potential discordances is essential for accurate diagnosis.
  • Molecular allergen testing represents an advancement in allergy diagnostics.