Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 30, 2026

10:05
Hydrogel Nanoparticle Harvesting of Plasma or Urine for Detecting Low Abundance Proteins
Published on: August 7, 2014
14.4K
[SHIFTS IN URINE PROTEIN PROFILE DURING DRY IMMERSION].
Summary
Dry immersion (DI) significantly altered urine proteomic profiles in healthy volunteers. This study tracked these changes using advanced mass spectrometry, identifying key protein alterations relevant to physiological responses.
Area of Science:
- Proteomics
- Biochemistry
- Physiology
Context:
- Understanding physiological responses to microgravity or simulated microgravity is crucial for space exploration.
- Dry immersion (DI) is a validated model for simulating the effects of microgravity on the human body.
- Urine proteomics offers a non-invasive window into systemic physiological changes.
Purpose:
- To investigate the impact of 5-day dry immersion (DI) on the human urine proteome.
- To identify specific proteins and their functional associations that change during simulated microgravity.
- To establish a baseline proteomic profile for comparison with DI-induced alterations.
Summary:
- A total of 256 proteins were identified in the urine of 8 healthy volunteers before and during a 5-day dry immersion (DI) period.
- High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and hybrid mass spectrometry were employed for comprehensive proteomic analysis.
- Functional network analysis revealed significant alterations in 43 proteins (over 20% change in detection rate) by day 4 of DI, indicating physiological shifts.
Impact:
- Provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying human adaptation to simulated microgravity.
- Identifies potential urinary biomarkers for monitoring physiological stress and adaptation.
- Contributes to the development of countermeasures for long-duration spaceflight and bed rest studies.
Related Concept Videos
Urine Studies I: Urinalysis
2.2K
Urinalysis is a widely used diagnostic test that analyzes urine's physical, chemical, and microscopic characteristics. Healthcare providers use it to detect and monitor various health conditions, including renal disease, urinary tract infections (UTIs), diabetes, and metabolic or systemic disorders.Components of UrinalysisUrinalysis consists of three primary components: physical, chemical, and microscopic examination. Each provides unique insights into the urine sample and, by extension, the...
2.2K
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management
320
IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
320
Formation of Dilute Urine
3.8K
The formation of dilute urine is a critical renal adaptation that maintains fluid balance, particularly during periods of high fluid intake. This process primarily involves the juxtamedullary nephrons. By adjusting the permeability of water and ions in response to physiological conditions, the kidneys can either conserve or excrete water, resulting in concentrated or dilute urine.
Filtrate Osmolarity in the PCT
Initially, as the filtrate passes through the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), its...
Filtrate Osmolarity in the PCT
Initially, as the filtrate passes through the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), its...
3.8K
Formation of Concentrated Urine
4.2K
There is a gradient of solutes in the interstitial fluid from the renal cortex through the medulla, known as the medullary osmotic gradient. The juxtamedullary nephrons establish and maintain this gradient using countercurrent mechanisms with loops extending deep into the medulla. These nephrons also use countercurrent mechanisms to regulate urine volume and concentration. The interaction between the descending and ascending limbs of the nephron loop creates an osmotic gradient through...
4.2K
Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test
2.2K
A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
2.2K
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction
970
Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
970

