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How I diagnose and treat neutropenia
1Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Purpose Of Review:
Neutropenia absolute neutrophil count (ANC) less than 1.5 × 10(9)/l is a common hematological finding, and severe neutropenia, that is, ANC less than 0.5 × 10(9)/l is a well known risk factor for susceptibility to bacterial infections. This review provides a succinct clinical approach to the diagnosis and treatment of neutropenia with specific recommendations on the treatment of severe chronic neutropenia with the myeloid growth factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).
Recent Findings:
Experts agree that patients with acute febrile neutropenia should be treated with antibiotics and that patients at high risk of severe neutropenia (>20% risk) after myelosuppressive chemotherapy should be treated prophylactically with a myeloid growth factor, usually G-CSF. The diversity of causes and consequences of chronic neutropenia make the diagnosis and management of these patients more complicated.
Summary:
The review provides a stepwise approach to neutropenia focusing first on reaching a provisional diagnosis and treatment plan then steps to a final diagnosis. It also provides specific recommendations on the treatment of severe chronic neutropenia with G-CSF.
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