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Related Concept Videos

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems01:18

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

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Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable the controlled release of drugs across the skin into systemic circulation. They are particularly advantageous for drugs with short half-lives or narrow therapeutic indices, as they maintain consistent plasma concentrations and reduce the risk of subtherapeutic or toxic levels.TDDS are categorized into monolithic, reservoir, and mixed systems. Monolithic systems embed the drug in a polymer matrix, where diffusion governs release. Reservoir systems...
137
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
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Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

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The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
109
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
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Non-Oral Extravascular Drug Absorption Routes01:15

Non-Oral Extravascular Drug Absorption Routes

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Non-oral extravascular routes, which encompass sublingual, buccal, topical, intramuscular, and inhalation methods, primarily utilize passive diffusion to transport drugs into the systemic circulation. The absorption rates and effectiveness of these routes depend on the drug's physicochemical properties, as well as the patient's anatomical and pathophysiological state.
Lipophilic drugs that are stable at salivary pH (6) and exhibit minimal binding to the oral mucosa are absorbed more...
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Author Spotlight: Innovative Microneedle-Based Strategies for Enhanced Exosome Delivery and Stability
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Microneedle Coating Techniques for Transdermal Drug Delivery.

Rita Haj-Ahmad1, Hashim Khan2, Muhammad Sohail Arshad3,4

  • 1School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK. rita.haj-ahmad@sunderland.ac.uk.

Pharmaceutics
|November 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Coated microneedles offer a minimally invasive transdermal drug delivery alternative. Various coating techniques enable personalized medicine by overcoming formulation challenges for efficient drug and vaccine delivery.

Keywords:
coating processcoatingsdrug deliveryfilmsmicroneedlesparticles

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Transdermal drug delivery presents an alternative to oral and parenteral routes.
  • Microneedle (MN) technology is advancing for enhanced drug and vaccine administration.
  • Coated microneedles, with drugs on tips, offer a minimally invasive transdermal approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review various processes for coating microneedles.
  • To elucidate modifications for facilitating microneedle coatings.
  • To highlight the potential of coated microneedles for personalized drug delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Dip coating
  • Gas jet drying
  • Spray coating
  • Electrohydrodynamic atomisation (EHDA)
  • Piezoelectric inkjet printing

Main Results:

  • Detailed examples of process mechanisms, conditions, and formulations are provided for each coating technique.
  • Modifications to independent coating techniques are discussed for improved microneedle application.
  • Each technique's outcomes and potential value are summarized, addressing formulation and dosage limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Coated microneedles present a promising avenue for overcoming drug delivery limitations.
  • Various coating techniques offer distinct advantages for microneedle fabrication.
  • Coated microneedles hold significant potential for personalized medicine through controlled drug deposition.