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Related Concept Videos

Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

46.6K
Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.
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The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Immunolabeling and Counting Ribbon Synapses in Young Adult and Aged Gerbil Cochleae
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Neuroglobin immunoreactivity in the human cochlea.

Nopawan Vorasubin1, Seiji Hosokawa2, Kumiko Hosokawa2

  • 1Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1624, USA.

Brain Research
|November 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Neuroglobin (Ngb) protects against oxidative stress. This study found reduced Ngb in human cochlear neurons with inner ear pathologies, suggesting a role in hearing health.

Keywords:
Human temporal boneInner earNeuroglobinOxidative stressSpiral ganglia neuron

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Otolaryngology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Neuroglobin (Ngb) is an oxygen-binding protein involved in neuroprotection and scavenging reactive oxygen species.
  • Ngb plays a role in cellular defense against oxidative stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and expression patterns of Neuroglobin (Ngb) in the human cochlea.
  • To determine if Ngb expression differs between normal and pathologically affected inner ear tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect Ngb in human cochlear sections from temporal bones.
  • Analysis included 36 temporal bones: 15 with normal otologic histories and 21 with inner ear pathologies.

Main Results:

  • Neuroglobin immunoreactivity (Ngb-IR) was observed in spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) and the organ of Corti.
  • A significant decrease in Ngb-IR was found in SGNs of specimens with inner ear pathologies compared to normal specimens.
  • Ngb-IR in the organ of Corti showed no significant difference between normal and pathological samples.

Conclusions:

  • Ngb is expressed in key cochlear structures, including SGNs and the organ of Corti.
  • Reduced Ngb expression in SGNs associated with inner ear pathologies suggests a potential role in neuroprotection.
  • Differential Ngb expression indicates its involvement in cochlear defense mechanisms against oxidative stress in inner ear diseases.