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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
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Rituximab-induced interstitial lung disease: five case reports.

Matiuallah Naqibullah1, Saher B Shaker1, Karen S Bach2

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.

European Clinical Respiratory Journal
|November 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Rituximab (RTX) can cause rare but serious lung conditions like RTX-ILD. This study highlights five cases to increase awareness of this potentially fatal side effect.

Keywords:
Interstitial pneumonitislymphomarituximab

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Rituximab (RTX), a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, is approved for lymphoma and autoimmune diseases.
  • Its use is expanding to include connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung diseases (ILD) and hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Observation:

  • Five cases of probable RTX-induced interstitial lung disease (RTX-ILD) were identified.
  • These cases highlight a rare but serious pulmonary adverse reaction associated with RTX treatment.

Findings:

  • The study reports on five cases of probable RTX-ILD.
  • This underscores a potentially lethal association between RTX and lung complications.

Implications:

  • Increased awareness of RTX-ILD is crucial due to expanding RTX indications.
  • Early recognition and management of pulmonary adverse events are vital for patient safety.