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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
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Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

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Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
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Laryngeal tuberculosis without pulmonary involvement.

Keyvan Kiakojuri1, Mohammad Reza Hasanjani Roushan2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.

Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine
|November 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Laryngeal tuberculosis is rare, often presenting as hoarseness. This case highlights a primary vocal cord lesion, emphasizing its consideration in endemic areas even without lung involvement.

Keywords:
Hoarseness.PrimaryTuberculosisVocal cord

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Laryngeal tuberculosis is an uncommon manifestation of tuberculosis.
  • It typically presents with hoarseness, dysphagia, and constitutional symptoms.

Observation:

  • A 72-year-old man presented with a three-month history of hoarseness, low-grade fever, and night sweats.
  • Laryngoscopy revealed unilateral vocal cord thickening; biopsy confirmed granuloma with caseous necrosis.
  • Chest X-ray was normal.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with primary laryngeal tuberculosis.
  • Successful treatment was achieved with a standard 6-month tuberculosis regimen.

Implications:

  • Laryngeal tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hoarseness, especially in tuberculosis-endemic regions.
  • Diagnosis is crucial even in the absence of pulmonary tuberculosis findings.