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Related Experiment Video

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Watershed Planning within a Quantitative Scenario Analysis Framework
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Groundwater vulnerability to pollution mapping of Ranchi district using GIS.

R Krishna1, J Iqbal1, A K Gorai1

  • 1Environmental Science and Engineering Group, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India.

Applied Water Science
|November 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study used GIS and the DRASTIC model to map groundwater pollution vulnerability in Ranchi, India. The integrated approach effectively assessed risks, aiding future groundwater management and environmental planning.

Keywords:
DRASTICGISGroundwater vulnerabilityRanchiSensitivity analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Hydrogeology
  • Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Background:

  • Groundwater pollution from human activities is a significant environmental issue in urban and industrial regions.
  • Assessing groundwater vulnerability is crucial for effective water resource management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply an integrated GIS-DRASTIC model for mapping groundwater vulnerability to pollution.
  • To validate the model using nitrate concentrations in the Ranchi district, India.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the DRASTIC model incorporating seven hydrogeological factors: Depth to water table, net recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, vadose zone impact, and hydraulic conductivity.
  • Integrated GIS for spatial analysis and map generation.
  • Validated the model by comparing vulnerability indices with measured nitrate levels in groundwater samples.

Main Results:

  • Generated a groundwater vulnerability to pollution map for the Ranchi district.
  • Sensitivity analysis identified key hydrogeological factors influencing vulnerability.
  • Model validation confirmed the reliability of the vulnerability indices against observed nitrate pollution.

Conclusions:

  • The integrated GIS-DRASTIC model is effective for assessing groundwater vulnerability.
  • The generated vulnerability maps are valuable tools for environmental planning and groundwater resource management.
  • Understanding the influence of individual hydrogeological factors aids in targeted pollution mitigation strategies.