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Study of Third Coronary Artery in Adult Human Cadaveric Hearts

Manisha Randhir Dhobale1, Medha Girish Puranik2, Nitin Radhakishan Mudiraj3

  • 1Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College and Hospital , Sangli, Maharashtra, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|November 12, 2015
PubMed

Insights

The third coronary artery (TCA) is frequently found in 32% of hearts, branching from the aorta and supplying the right ventricle. This artery plays a role in collateral blood flow and cardiac perfusion.

Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Cardiovascular System
  • Human Anatomy

Background:

  • The third coronary artery (TCA) originates from the anterior aortic sinus, supplying the right ventricular outflow tract.
  • It is a frequent finding and a potential source of collateral coronary blood flow via the circle of Vieussens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the gross anatomical features of the third coronary artery.
  • Evaluating its prevalence, origin, course, and distribution patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Dissection of 150 formalin-fixed adult human cadaveric hearts.
  • Data collected over six years and analyzed using SPSS software.

Main Results:

  • The TCA was identified in 32% of specimens, with single TCA in 28% and double TCA in 4%.
  • Distribution varied, supplying the conus arteriosus, right ventricular anterior wall, interventricular septum, and apex.
  • In 8% of cases, the TCA was larger than the right coronary artery.

Conclusions:

  • The third coronary artery is a common anatomical variant.
  • It anastomoses with the left anterior descending artery, contributing to apical and septal perfusion.
  • The TCA's role in coronary circulation warrants consideration in clinical interventions.
Abstract

Keywords:
Circle of vieussensCollateral circulationConus arteriosusInterventricular septumRight conus artery

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