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Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles01:18

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There are hollow fluid-filled cavities known as ventricles deep inside the human brain. There are two lateral ventricles, one in each cerebral hemisphere, and each has three different projections — the anterior, inferior, and posterior horns visible from the lateral side. A thin membrane called the septum pellucidum separates the two lateral ventricles. The slender third ventricle in the diencephalon is connected to each lateral ventricle via a channel called the interventricular foramen.
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Overview of Anatomy and Physiology01:24

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Human anatomy is the scientific study of the body's structures. Some of these structures are very small and can only be observed and analyzed with the assistance of a microscope. Other larger structures can readily be seen, manipulated, measured, and weighed. The word "anatomy" comes from a Greek root that means "to cut apart." Human anatomy was first studied by observing the body's exterior and the wounds of soldiers and other injuries. Later, physicians were allowed to...
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Anatomy of the Brain: Major Regions01:20

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The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. It consists of four main parts: the cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brainstem.
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Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy01:15

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The spinal cord resides within the protective confines of the vertebral column. It is the main pathway for information traveling between the brain and the body. It plays a fundamental role in nearly all bodily functions, from simple reflexes to complex motor movements. The spinal cord begins at the medulla oblongata at the base of the brainstem and extends downward, terminating at the conus medullaris near the first and second lumbar vertebrae. The spinal cord's length in adults is...
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Cranial Nerves: Overview and Anatomy01:19

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The cranial nerves are an important part of the complex network of nerves in the human body. These nerves emerge directly from the brain and are responsible for transmitting essential information between the brain and various parts of the head and neck. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves, systematically numbered using Roman numerals from I to XII, beginning from the anterior and moving to the posterior of the brain. Each cranial nerve is uniquely identified by names that reflect its function...
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Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy01:16

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The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Exploring Deep Space - Uncovering the Anatomy of Periventricular Structures to Reveal the Lateral Ventricles of the Human Brain
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Snack Cake 'Dissection': A Flipped Classroom Exercise to Engage Undergraduates With Basic Neuroanatomy.

Todd D Watson1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, OR 97219.

Journal of Undergraduate Neuroscience Education : JUNE : a Publication of FUN, Faculty for Undergraduate Neuroscience
|November 12, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This classroom activity used snack cakes to teach undergraduate students neuroanatomical terms. The fun, hands-on exercise improved students

Keywords:
introduction to neuroscienceteaching neuroanatomyundergraduates

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience Education
  • Undergraduate Anatomy

Background:

  • Effective teaching methods are crucial for introducing complex subjects like neuroanatomy.
  • Engaging undergraduate students in survey-level courses requires innovative pedagogical approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a novel classroom activity for teaching basic neuroanatomical terminology and concepts.
  • To assess the efficacy of a hands-on, group-based learning exercise using snack cakes for neuroanatomy education.

Main Methods:

  • Undergraduates viewed an online lecture on neuroanatomy.
  • Students participated in a group activity dissecting snack cakes, applying learned anatomical terminology.
  • Results were reported and shared using correct anatomical language.

Main Results:

  • Quantitative feedback indicated the exercise enhanced students' confidence and interest in neuroanatomy.
  • An online anatomy quiz corroborated the positive impact of the activity on learning.
  • Students found the activity to be useful practice for learning neuroanatomy.

Conclusions:

  • The snack cake dissection activity is a potentially valuable tool for undergraduate neuroanatomy courses.
  • This innovative approach can effectively introduce neuroanatomical concepts and terminology.
  • The exercise demonstrates a successful blend of active learning and foundational science education.