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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Computational Imaging
    • Microscopy

    Background:

    • Bright-field and dark-field microscopy are essential imaging techniques.
    • Modeling partially coherent illumination is crucial for accurate simulation.
    • Existing models may face challenges with sub-wavelength coherence scales.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a numerical model for bright-field and dark-field imaging under spatially partially coherent light.
    • To demonstrate the model's capability across varying coherence conditions.
    • To validate computational feasibility for nanoscale coherence.

    Main Methods:

    • Representing the partially coherent illuminating field as a superposition of shifted, fully coherent elementary fields.
    • Implementing numerical simulations for both bright-field and dark-field imaging modalities.
    • Varying illumination coherence conditions to test model robustness.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed numerical model accurately simulates imaging under spatially partially coherent light.
    • The model demonstrates computational feasibility, even for illumination coherence areas at the wavelength scale.
    • Successful imaging examples under variable coherence conditions were generated.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed numerical model offers a robust and computationally efficient approach for simulating microscopy with partially coherent light.
    • This work facilitates accurate modeling of imaging systems with nanoscale coherence properties.
    • The model is suitable for analyzing complex illumination scenarios in microscopy.