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Microglia as a Surrogate Biosensor to Determine Nanoparticle Neurotoxicity
Published on: October 25, 2016
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Neurotoxicity of metals
Samuel Caito1, Michael Aschner2
1Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Pediatric Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; The Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|November 14, 2015
Summary
Occupational metal exposure poses significant risks to the central nervous system. This review covers metal sources, toxicity, and therapeutic strategies for neurotoxicity.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Neuroscience
- Toxicology
Background:
- Industrial metal use leads to significant occupational toxin exposure.
- Governmental agencies regulate metal exposure to ensure worker safety.
- While essential, metals pose health risks at high exposure levels, particularly to the nervous system.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review occupational metal exposure.
- To discuss metal homeostasis and neurotoxicity.
- To highlight detection and chelation strategies for metal-induced neurotoxicity.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of metal exposure and neurotoxicity.
- Discussion of metal sources, homeostasis, and detoxification.
- Examination of neurologic pathology from specific metal exposures.
Main Results:
- The central nervous system is highly susceptible to metal accumulation.
- Excess essential metals or toxic nonessential metals cause severe health consequences.
- Specific metals like aluminum, arsenic, lead, manganese, mercury, and trimethyltin induce distinct neurotoxic effects.
Conclusions:
- Understanding metal exposure, homeostasis, and neurotoxic mechanisms is crucial.
- Detection and chelation therapies are important for managing metal toxicity.
- Preventing occupational metal exposure is vital for worker neurological health.
Keywords:
aluminumarsenicchelation therapyleadmanganesemercurymetalloproteinsmetalsoxidative stressreactive oxygen speciestrimethyltinMore Related Videos
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