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Roberta Bonfiglioli1, Stefano Mattioli1, Francesco S Violante1

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Handbook of Clinical Neurology
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Summary

Work-related activities, especially those involving repetitive motions and forceful exertions, significantly increase the risk of developing peripheral compressive nerve disorders like carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Evidence links specific job tasks to nerve compression injuries, highlighting occupational risks.

Keywords:
carpal tunnel syndromenerve entrapmentsoccupational diseasesoccupational exposuresperipheral neuropathiesrepetitive motion disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Occupational Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Peripheral nerve injuries can lead to significant disability.
  • Acute injuries often result from trauma, while chronic injuries stem from repetitive mechanical stress.
  • Work-related factors are increasingly recognized as contributors to nerve compression disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing evidence on the association between peripheral compressive nerve disorders and occupational risk factors.
  • To highlight the role of work in the development of common nerve entrapment syndromes.
  • To identify specific job tasks and industries associated with increased risk.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing scientific literature.
  • Analysis of epidemiological and experimental studies.
  • Focus on work-related risk factors for peripheral nerve compression.

Main Results:

  • Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most prevalent peripheral neuropathy in the working population.
  • Repetitive wrist postures and forceful exertions are key risk factors for CTS.
  • Assembly, food processing, and jobs using vibrating tools are high-risk occupations for CTS.
  • Limited evidence links manual tasks to ulnar neuropathy and squatting to peroneal neuropathy.

Conclusions:

  • Occupational factors, particularly repetitive and forceful hand-wrist movements, are strongly associated with carpal tunnel syndrome.
  • Certain industries and job tasks pose a significant risk for developing work-related nerve compression injuries.
  • Further research is needed for other peripheral nerve injuries and their occupational links.