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Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning
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Categorical evidence, confidence, and urgency during probabilistic categorization.

Kurt Braunlich1, Carol A Seger1

  • 1Cognitive Psychology and Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.

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This study reveals how the brain integrates information over time. Somatomotor regions track evidence, while prefrontal and parietal areas track decision confidence, with urgency influencing information processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Understanding how the brain integrates sensory information over time is crucial for explaining decision-making.
  • Previous research suggests distinct neural mechanisms for evidence accumulation and decision confidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural substrates of temporal information integration and decision confidence.
  • To differentiate neural signals related to information accumulation from time-dependent factors like urgency.

Main Methods:

  • A temporally extended categorization task.
  • Model-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to track categorical evidence and decision confidence.
  • Inclusion of covariates to distinguish information accumulation from urgency or cognitive load.

Main Results:

  • Somatomotor regions showed activity tracking the temporal evolution of categorical evidence.
  • Medial and lateral prefrontal cortex, inferior parietal cortex, and striatum activity tracked decision confidence.
  • Urgency was found to modulate the slopes of evidence-dependent functions, increasing the evidence difference as deadlines approached.

Conclusions:

  • Neural activity in somatomotor areas reflects the accumulation of categorical evidence.
  • Prefrontal, parietal, and striatal regions are involved in tracking decision confidence.
  • Urgency plays a significant role in modulating how evidence is processed over time, particularly as response deadlines loom.