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Types Of Superconductors

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Intrinsic semiconductors are highly pure materials with no impurities. At absolute zero, these semiconductors behave as perfect insulators because all the valence electrons are bound, and the conduction band is empty, disallowing electrical conduction. The Fermi level is a concept used to describe the probability of occupancy of energy levels by electrons at thermal equilibrium. In intrinsic semiconductors, the Fermi level is positioned at the midpoint of the energy gap at absolute zero. When...
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Topological Superconductivity in Dirac Semimetals.

Shingo Kobayashi1, Masatoshi Sato1

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.

Physical Review Letters
|November 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We present a theory for superconducting Dirac semimetals, linking their topological properties to superconductivity. This work reveals a pathway to topological superconductivity with Majorana fermions, applicable to materials like Cd3As2.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Materials

Background:

  • Dirac semimetals possess unique electronic structures with bulk Dirac points and surface Fermi loops.
  • Understanding the interplay between topology and superconductivity in these materials is crucial for discovering novel quantum states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a theoretical framework for superconducting Dirac semimetals.
  • To elucidate the influence of nontrivial topology on the superconducting state.
  • To identify conditions favoring topological superconductivity.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of superconducting Dirac semimetals.
  • Analysis of the relationship between Dirac points and the surface Fermi loop.
  • Investigation of orbital textures and crystal structural transitions.

Main Results:

  • A theory connecting Dirac points and surface Fermi loops in superconducting Dirac semimetals is established.
  • The nontrivial topology significantly impacts the superconducting state.
  • Unique orbital textures and phase transitions promote symmetry-protected topological superconductivity.

Conclusions:

  • A quartet of surface Majorana fermions is predicted in these systems.
  • The developed theory offers insights into recently observed superconducting states in Cd3As2.
  • This research paves the way for exploring topological superconductivity in Dirac materials.