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Author Spotlight: Investigating Physiological Functions of Vitamin A Transporters Using HPLC-Based Vitamin A Profiling
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Vitamin A and the epigenome.

Shimrit Bar-El Dadon1, Ram Reifen1

  • 1a The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Rehovot , Israel.

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Summary

Vitamin A, through its derivative retinoic acid, acts as a nutritional epigenetic modulator. It influences gene expression and cellular functions, impacting health, disease, and development across generations.

Keywords:
Vitamin Aepigeneticsnutritionnutritional epigenetics

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Nutritional Science
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Epigenetic phenomena involve heritable changes in gene expression without altering DNA sequence, including DNA methylation and histone modifications.
  • Environmental factors like diet and nutrition influence physiological and pathological processes via epigenetic alterations.
  • Nutritional epigenetics describes how diet impacts gene expression, with vitamin A serving as a key example.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epigenetic role of vitamin A in various biological processes.
  • To highlight vitamin A's influence on cancer, stem cell differentiation, proliferation, and immunity.
  • To underscore the significance of understanding vitamin A's epigenetic effects for medical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on epigenetic mechanisms.
  • Analysis of studies detailing vitamin A's interaction with nuclear receptors.
  • Examination of research on retinoic acid's impact on epigenetic modifications.

Main Results:

  • Vitamin A derivatives, particularly retinoic acid, regulate critical life processes such as reproduction, vision, and immune function.
  • Retinoic acid is a potent agent that induces epigenetic modifications, leading to diverse phenotypic effects.
  • Evidence supports vitamin A's role in modulating gene transcription and cellular behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin A functions as a crucial epigenetic modulator with broad physiological and pathological implications.
  • Understanding vitamin A's epigenetic effects is essential for its therapeutic use as a nutritional supplement.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate vitamin A's long-term epigenetic impacts on health, disease, and intergenerational effects.