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Cell-mediated immunity in multiple sclerosis.

L R Espinoza, G Ebers, W Mountcastle

    Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients showed depressed lymphocyte response to PHA, but transfer factor therapy normalized this response. No response to paramyxovirus antigens was observed in MS patients or controls.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Neuroscience
    • Virology

    Background:

    • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system.
    • Immune cell dysfunction, particularly in lymphocytes, is implicated in MS pathogenesis.
    • The role of viral infections and immune responses in MS is an area of ongoing research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the blastogenic response of lymphocytes from MS patients to paramyxovirus antigens and phytohemagglutinin (PHA).
    • To evaluate the effect of transfer factor therapy on lymphocyte responses in MS patients.
    • To explore potential immune modulatory effects of transfer factor in the context of MS.

    Main Methods:

    • Lymphocyte blastogenesis was measured using 14C thymidine incorporation.

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  • Comparative analysis was performed on MS patients before and after transfer factor therapy, alongside normal controls.
  • PHA was used as a mitogen to assess general lymphocyte reactivity.
  • Serum factors potentially inhibiting PHA response were investigated.

    • Main Results:

    • MS patients and normal controls exhibited no significant blastogenic response to tested paramyxovirus antigens.
    • Lymphocyte transformation induced by PHA was significantly depressed in MS patients pre-therapy compared to controls.
    • Transfer factor therapy led to an increased PHA response in MS patients, diminishing the difference with the control group.
    • No inhibitory serum factors were detected in MS patients that would depress PHA-induced lymphocyte transformation.

    Conclusions:

    • MS lymphocytes do not respond to the specific paramyxovirus antigens tested.
    • Transfer factor therapy appears to restore PHA-induced lymphocyte transformation in MS patients towards normal levels.
    • These findings suggest a potential immunomodulatory role for transfer factor in managing lymphocyte dysfunction in MS.