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Association of social-environmental factors with cognitive function in children with sickle cell disease

Janet Yarboi1, Bruce E Compas1, Gene H Brody2

  • 1a Department of Psychology & Human Development , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , TN , USA.

Child Neuropsychology : a Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence
|November 17, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) show cognitive impairments. Maternal financial stress significantly impacts children's cognitive function, highlighting a link between socioeconomic factors and neurodevelopment in pediatric SCD.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neuropsychology
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic blood disorder affecting millions globally.
  • Children with SCD often experience cognitive deficits impacting academic and daily functioning.
  • Maternal psychosocial factors may influence child neurodevelopment in chronic childhood illnesses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between cognitive function in pediatric SCD patients and maternal psychosocial factors.
  • To identify specific maternal factors (social-environmental stress, depressive symptoms, parenting) associated with cognitive outcomes.
  • To determine the predictive power of maternal financial stress on cognitive performance in children with SCD.

Main Methods:

  • Neuropsychological testing of 65 children with SCD across cognitive domains (intellectual ability, academic achievement, executive function).
  • Maternal self-report questionnaires on demographics, social-environmental stress, depressive symptoms, and parenting styles.
  • Linear regression analyses to assess predictors of cognitive function.

Main Results:

  • Children with SCD demonstrated significant underperformance compared to normative data.
  • Associations between maternal stress, depression, parenting, and child cognitive function were mixed.
  • Maternal financial stress emerged as the most significant predictor of cognitive function across all assessed domains.

Conclusions:

  • Children with SCD are at high risk for cognitive impairments.
  • Maternal financial stress is a critical factor linked to children's cognitive function and maternal well-being.
  • Interventions addressing maternal stress and parenting may improve cognitive outcomes in pediatric SCD.

Keywords:
Sickle cell diseasecognitive functionparentingpovertystress

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