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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

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Bone age: assessment methods and clinical applications.

Mari Satoh1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology : Case Reports and Clinical Investigations : Official Journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology
|November 17, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Bone age assessment methods, including radiography and newer imaging techniques, are crucial for diagnosing growth disorders. The BoneXpert system offers a validated automated approach for bone age determination and adult height prediction.

Keywords:
adult heightbone agegrowthmaturationprediction

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Traditional bone age assessment relies on hand and wrist radiographs (Greulich-Pyle, Tanner-Whitehouse 2).
  • Emerging methods include ultrasonography, computerized analysis, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.
  • Ultrasonography shows limitations in cases of delayed or advanced bone age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current bone age assessment methods.
  • To highlight the potential of automated systems like BoneXpert.
  • To discuss the role of bone age in predicting growth and maturation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established radiographic methods (Greulich-Pyle, Tanner-Whitehouse 2).
  • Evaluation of alternative imaging modalities (ultrasound, MR imaging).
  • Assessment of the BoneXpert automated system's validation and application.

Main Results:

  • BoneXpert has been validated for diverse pediatric populations, including those with growth disorders.
  • New adult height prediction methods utilize BoneXpert alongside traditional techniques.
  • Bone age is a key indicator for diagnosing diseases and predicting pubertal milestones.

Conclusions:

  • Bone age assessment is vital for pediatric health and growth monitoring.
  • Automated methods like BoneXpert show promise for accurate and efficient assessment.
  • Bone age serves as a critical predictor for growth velocity and menarche timing.