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Atypical Isolated Infections of the Infratemporal Fossa: A Diagnostic Challenge

Sien Hui Tan1, Aun Wee Chong1, Narayanan Prepageran1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
|November 17, 2015
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Atypical infratemporal fossa infections, though rare, can be life-threatening. Early diagnosis through endoscopy and histopathology is crucial for effective treatment of these challenging infections.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious diseases
  • Otolaryngology
  • Medical imaging

Background:

  • Atypical infections of the infratemporal fossa are uncommon but carry a high risk of mortality.
  • These infections can present with diverse symptoms, complicating initial diagnosis.

Observation:

  • Two distinct cases are presented: an immunocompromised patient with infratemporal fossa aspergillosis and facial numbness, and an immunocompetent patient with tuberculosis of the infratemporal fossa presenting as trigeminal neuralgia.
  • Both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) posed challenges in differentiating between infectious processes and neoplastic conditions.

Findings:

  • Aspergillosis and tuberculosis represent rare but serious causes of infratemporal fossa infections.
  • Clinical presentation can mimic other pathologies, including tumors, making diagnosis difficult.

Implications:

  • A high index of suspicion is essential for diagnosing rare infratemporal fossa infections.
  • Endoscopic visualization and histopathological examination are critical for accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment are vital for improving outcomes in patients with these potentially fatal infections.
Keywords:
AspergillosisInfectionMaxillary sinusTuberculosis.

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