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Published on: April 11, 2016
Precision medicine ethics: selected issues and developments in next-generation sequencing, clinical oncology, and
Robin N Fiore1, Kenneth W Goodman
1University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Institute for Bioethics and Health Policy, Miami, Florida, USA.
The Precision Medicine Initiative, focusing on oncology, highlights unique ethical challenges in clinical genomics. Addressing informed consent, results return, and data privacy is crucial for advancing personalized cancer care.
Area of Science:
- Genomic Medicine
- Bioethics
- Oncology
Background:
- The National Institutes of Health launched the Precision Medicine Initiative in 2015 to advance cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
- The initiative's initial focus on oncology offers a unique opportunity to shape the ethical discourse surrounding precision medicine.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent developments in precision medicine, focusing on core ethical issues within clinical genomics.
- To inform the articulation and resolution of ethical challenges presented by precision medicine in oncology.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent developments related to the Precision Medicine Initiative.
- Analysis of core ethical issues in clinical genomics.
Main Results:
- Precision medicine generates vast amounts of data from whole-genome/exome sequencing, leading to unique ethical issues.
- Key challenges include complex informed consent, returning secondary/incidental findings, and maintaining privacy/confidentiality.
Conclusions:
- Clinical oncology will be the first testing ground for precision medicine ethics.
- Integrating practical ethics and leveraging existing research ethics frameworks is essential for successful implementation.
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