Graphene-Based Glucose Sensors: A Brief Review

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Biotechnology
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Graphene, a single atomic layer thick material, has garnered significant research interest since its discovery in 2004.
• Graphene-based biosensors (GBBs) have emerged as promising tools for detecting various biological targets.
• Diabetes management critically relies on accurate glucose monitoring technology.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a historical overview of graphene and its applications.
• To conduct a citation-weighted review of graphene-based sensors for biological target detection.
• To focus on advancements in graphene-based glucose sensors for diabetes management.

Main Methods:

• Historical review of graphene research since 2004.
• Citation-weighted analysis of graphene-based biosensors.
• Categorization of biosensors based on detected targets (proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, metabolic compounds).
• Review of detection methods: electrical, electrochemical, and photonic (labeled/label-free).

Main Results:

• GBBs are categorized for detecting proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and metabolic compounds.
• Electrical, electrochemical, and photonic detection methods are employed.
• Significant focus is placed on graphene-based glucose sensors due to their importance in diabetes.

Conclusions:

• Graphene-based biosensors demonstrate significant potential for diverse biological and medical applications.
• Graphene-based glucose sensors are a key area of development for effective diabetes management.
• The review provides a statistical overview guiding future research in GBBs.