[Effects of temperature-shifted controlling on bolting and flowering of endive]

Temperature sensitive periods and growth characteristics of endive under different temperatures were investigated in greenhouse by weekly reciprocal transferring experiment condition between warm (17 °C) and cold (average 10.5 °C) environment. The results indicated that difference in growth rate of endive was significant in cold and warm environments. There was no temperature sensitive period in endive, and it could feel outside temperature, thus, conducted vernalization induction in setting temperature range (2-17 °C). Meanwhile, low temperature favored the flower bud differentiation. Endives all completed flower bud differentiation and bloting either in warm or in cold environment. It took 24 days to complete flower bud differentiation in cold environment and 60 days in warm environment, and bolting was 7 days later in warm environment than in cold environment. From seeding to bolting, it took 111 days in warm environment and 104 days in cold environment, respectively. After flowering induction, the seeding bolting rate from warm environment to cold environment was obviously higher than that from cold to warm environment and higher temperature led to faster bolting in this period.