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Eye lesions in leprosy.

G Soshamma, N Suryawanshi

    Leprosy Review
    |March 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Leprosy commonly causes eye lesions, especially in severe cases and older patients. Early detection and treatment of these ocular manifestations are crucial for preventing blindness in leprosy patients.

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    Leprosy review·1985

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Leprosy (Hansen's disease) is a chronic infectious disease primarily affecting the skin, peripheral nerves, and eyes.
    • Ocular complications are a significant cause of morbidity and preventable blindness in leprosy patients worldwide.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the prevalence and types of ocular lesions in leprosy outpatients.
    • To identify risk factors associated with ocular manifestations.
    • To assess the proportion of sight-threatening lesions and blindness.

    Main Methods:

    • Cross-sectional study involving screening of 742 outpatients for ocular disease.
    • Data collection on patient demographics, leprosy spectrum, disease duration, and presence/type of eye lesions.

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  • Categorization of lesions into common, serious, and sight-threatening.

    • Main Results:

    • 177 out of 742 patients (24%) presented with ocular lesions.
    • Ocular lesions were more prevalent in the lepromatous spectrum, with increasing trends related to patient age and disease duration.
    • Madarosis (76%) was the most common lesion; serious, sight-threatening lesions (e.g., lagophthalmos, corneal ulcers, iritis) accounted for 8.22%.
    • Blindness occurred in 6 patients (3.4% of eye lesions, 0.8% of all leprosy patients) due to corneal opacity and complicated cataracts.

    Conclusions:

    • Ocular complications are common in leprosy patients, particularly those with lepromatous leprosy.
    • While blindness is infrequent, sight-threatening lesions are significant and largely preventable.
    • Training healthcare workers in simple eye examination techniques is vital for early detection and prevention of blindness in leprosy.