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Related Experiment Videos

Vocal cord paralysis.

K M Grundfast1, E Harley

  • 1Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC.

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|June 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diagnosing and managing vocal cord paralysis in children can be challenging. This guide offers otolaryngologists key diagnostic and management strategies for unilateral or bilateral vocal cord paralysis in pediatric patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Vocal cord paresis or paralysis in infants and children presents diagnostic and management difficulties.
  • Early recognition and appropriate intervention are crucial for managing pediatric airway compromise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide otolaryngologists with concise guidelines for diagnosing and managing vocal cord paresis or paralysis in pediatric patients.
  • To outline diagnostic criteria and initial management steps for unilateral and bilateral vocal cord paralysis.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical presentation analysis for suspected bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis (BAVP) and unilateral vocal cord paralysis.
  • Diagnostic procedures including direct laryngoscopy with photodocumentation, radiographic studies, CT, MRI, and electromyography.

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  • Review of management strategies, including tracheotomy and neurosurgical interventions.

    • Main Results:

    • High-pitched inspiratory stridor in neonates/infants suggests BAVP, especially with associated anomalies like Arnold-Chiari malformation.
    • Hoarse, low-pitched, or breathy cry/voice in children may indicate unilateral vocal cord paralysis, particularly post-surgery.
    • Direct laryngoscopy is the primary diagnostic tool, with imaging and electromyography as supplementary methods.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate diagnosis relies on recognizing specific clinical signs and utilizing appropriate diagnostic tools.
    • Management strategies vary based on the type and severity of vocal cord paralysis, with tracheotomy often necessary for BAVP.
    • Advances in monitoring and interventions allow for potential delay of tracheotomy in select cases.