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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

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The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Weight-Bearing Intervention to Investigate Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
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Occupation-dependent loading increases bone strength in men.

E Biver1, G Perréard Lopreno2, M Hars3

  • 1Division of Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, 4 Rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland. Emmanuel.Biver@hcuge.ch.

Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
|November 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Occupation-dependent loading enhances bone strength by increasing bone size in youth and slowing age-related bone loss. These findings highlight the importance of physical activity for maintaining bone health, especially for those in sedentary occupations.

Keywords:
Bone cross-sectional geometryBone strengthHR-pQCTMechanical loadingOccupation

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Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and biomechanics
  • Occupational health and ergonomics
  • Anthropology and skeletal analysis

Background:

  • The skeleton's response to mechanical stimuli is known, but the specific impact of chronic loading from occupational activities (OA) on bone properties remains unclear.
  • This study investigated how occupation-dependent loading influences upper limb bone strength.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the long-term effects of occupational loading on bone strength and structural integrity.
  • To determine if chronic mechanical loading during work influences skeletal adaptations.

Main Methods:

  • Ex vivo analysis of humeri and radii from 219 male skeletons (20th century) using computed tomography to estimate bone strength and geometry.
  • In vivo analysis of distal radius in 180 men (Geneva Retirees Cohort) using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography and finite element analysis.

Main Results:

  • Heavy-loading OA was linked to greater bone strength in both ex vivo and in vivo models.
  • Increased bone size (total, medullary, and cortical area) was observed in young adults with heavy loading, with this difference diminishing in older age.
  • In vivo analysis revealed additional benefits of heavy-loading OA on distal radius trabecular density and microstructure in older men.

Conclusions:

  • Repeated, occupation-dependent loading positively impacts bone strength by promoting bone size in youth and mitigating age-related bone alterations.
  • These findings underscore the need to encourage bone health strategies, particularly for individuals in sedentary occupations.