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Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated,...
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Related Experiment Video

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A Wireless, Bidirectional Interface for In Vivo Recording and Stimulation of Neural Activity in Freely Behaving Rats
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WTF WHO?

James Stacey Taylor1

  • 1Department of Philosophy, The College of New Jersey, P.O. Box 7718, 2000 Pennington Rd., Ewing, NJ, 08628, USA. jtaylor@tcnj.edu.

HEC Forum : an Interdisciplinary Journal on Hospitals' Ethical and Legal Issues
|November 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Healthcare systems can improve blood product procurement by examining World Health Organization (WHO) policies. Empirical data, not ideology, should guide decisions on compensated versus non-remunerated blood donation for efficiency and access.

Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Systems
  • Public Health Policy
  • Bioethics

Background:

  • The World Health Organization (WHO) advocates for national self-sufficiency in blood and blood product procurement through non-remunerated blood donation.
  • Current healthcare realities present challenges to achieving equitable and efficient access to blood products solely through unpaid donations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the WHO's policy recommendations on blood procurement against empirical evidence.
  • To explore the ethical and practical implications of compensated versus non-remunerated blood donation.
  • To introduce a thematic issue focused on evidence-based, ethical blood procurement procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of WHO policy recommendations and real-world healthcare system data.
Keywords:
BloodBlood productsMarketsRemunerated donationWorld Health Organization

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  • Ethical argumentation and review of empirical data on blood safety and procurement efficiency.
  • Introduction to a collection of critical essays examining blood industry practices.

    • Main Results:

    • The WHO's claims regarding the superior safety and efficiency of non-remunerated blood donation lack strong empirical support.
    • An ideological stance against compensation for blood products may not align with data-driven healthcare needs.
    • Market-oriented approaches may offer greater self-sufficiency and improved access to blood products.

    Conclusions:

    • Policy decisions regarding blood procurement should be grounded in empirical data and ethical reasoning, not solely on political ideology.
    • Rethinking compensation models for blood and blood products is crucial for enhancing healthcare system self-sufficiency and patient access.
    • The blood industry requires a shift towards more efficient, effective, and morally transparent procurement procedures.