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Structural and functional plasticity specific to musical training with wind instruments.

Uk-Su Choi1, Yul-Wan Sung2, Sujin Hong3

  • 1Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University of Medicine and Science Incheon, South Korea.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|November 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Musical training, particularly with wind instruments, alters brain structure and function. Musicians showed distinct cortical thickness in lip and tongue areas and different brain network activity compared to non-musicians.

Keywords:
cortical thicknessmusical trainingneuronal plasticityresting-state networkwind instruments

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroplasticity
  • Sensory processing

Background:

  • Musical training is known to induce neuroplastic changes, primarily in motor and auditory areas.
  • Previous research often focuses on auditory or motor system adaptations.
  • The impact of musical training on somatosensory functions remains less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of wind instrument musical training on somatosensory cortical thickness and resting-state neuronal networks.
  • To identify structural and functional brain changes associated with long-term, high-intensity musical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Compared cortical thickness and resting-state functional connectivity in university wind ensemble musicians versus non-musicians.
  • Utilized neuroimaging techniques, including seed-based correlation analysis.
  • Performed association analysis to link musical training duration to cortical changes.

Main Results:

  • Musicians exhibited significantly thicker cortex in lip-related brain areas and thinner cortex in tongue-related areas compared to non-musicians.
  • Association analysis confirmed that increased cortical thickness in lip areas is a result of musical training.
  • Differential activation was observed in the precentral gyrus and supplementary motor areas (SMA) between the two groups.

Conclusions:

  • High-intensity musical training with specific instruments induces significant structural neuroplasticity in related somatosensory areas.
  • Musical training can lead to the development of distinct functional neuronal networks.
  • These findings highlight the brain's adaptability to specialized motor and sensory demands imposed by musical practice.