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The virtual hand illusion is moderated by context-induced spatial reference frames.

Jing Zhang1, Ke Ma2, Bernhard Hommel2

  • 1Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute for Psychological Research and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Leiden, Netherlands ; Center for the Study of Language and Cognition, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Body ownership of artificial limbs depends on temporal synchrony and spatial distance. Subjective spatial experiences, not just physical proximity, influence the sense of embodiment, challenging fixed body representation theories.

Keywords:
body imageself-recognitionsense of ownershipspatial reference framevirtual hand illusion

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Perception Psychology

Background:

  • The sense of body ownership is influenced by temporal synchrony between sensory inputs.
  • The role of spatial factors in body ownership, particularly relative and context-induced distances, is less understood.
  • Previous research focused on physical distance, not subjective spatial reference frames.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of relative, context-induced spatial distance on the perception of artificial hand ownership.
  • To examine how prior spatial experiences modulate the sense of embodiment.
  • To challenge theories relying solely on fixed spatial criteria or permanent body representations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a virtual reality setup to manipulate the distance between a participant's real hand and a synchronously or asynchronously stimulated artificial hand.
  • Compared ownership perception across different relative distances (near, medium, far).
  • Assessed the influence of preceding distance conditions on subsequent ownership perception.

Main Results:

  • Replicated previous findings: ownership perception increased with decreased distance, and synchrony effects were stronger at shorter distances.
  • Demonstrated that prior spatial context significantly affects ownership perception.
  • Found that a medium distance induced greater ownership after a far-distance experience than after a near-distance experience.

Conclusions:

  • Subjective, context-induced spatial reference frames play a crucial role in body ownership perception.
  • The sense of embodiment is dynamic and influenced by recent spatial experiences.
  • Existing theories of fixed spatial criteria or permanent body representations may be insufficient to explain perceived body ownership.