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Evolutionary transgenomics: prospects and challenges.

Raul Correa1, David A Baum2

  • 1Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|November 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transgenomics screens move many large genomic inserts between plant species to find genes affecting traits. This approach identified a novel gene influencing fruit size and fertility in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Keywords:
developmental system driftevo-devoevolutiongenetic screensspeciation genestransformationtransgenomics

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genetics
  • Plant science

Background:

  • Interspecies transformation experiments are key to understanding genetic bases of species differences.
  • Traditional methods focus on candidate genes, potentially missing novel genetic factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate transgenomics as a screening strategy for identifying genes responsible for phenotypic differences.
  • To move beyond candidate gene approaches for discovering novel genetic functions.

Main Methods:

  • Developed transgenomics by transferring large genomic inserts from donor species into a recipient species (Arabidopsis thaliana).
  • Conducted a proof-of-concept screen of over 1100 random genomic inserts from Leavenworthia alabamica into A. thaliana.
  • Screened for dominant phenotypic effects in the recipient background.

Main Results:

  • Identified one genomic insert from L. alabamica that significantly shortened fruit and reduced fertility in A. thaliana.
  • Demonstrated the feasibility of transgenomic screening for identifying genes with major phenotypic effects.

Conclusions:

  • Transgenomics enables the discovery of novel genes or cryptic functions without prior candidate gene assumptions.
  • This method has high potential for uncovering genetic bases of species differences, particularly within the Brassicaceae family.