Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

10.4K

A quantitative analysis of therapeutic cancer vaccines in phase 2 or phase 3 trial

Amabel Cl Tan1, Anne Goubier2, Holbrook E Kohrt3

  • 1Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia ; PX Biosolutions, Melbourne, Victoria 3205 Australia.

Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer
|November 19, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Provenge® (Sipuleucel-T) is the sole FDA-approved cancer vaccine. Analysis of therapeutic cancer vaccine trials reveals stable Phase 3 registrations from 2010-2014, indicating continued investment in immunotherapies despite low approval rates.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Provenge® (Sipuleucel-T) is the only FDA-approved therapeutic cancer vaccine.
  • Significant advancements in other cancer therapies contrast with limited vaccine approvals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively analyze Phase 2 and Phase 3 therapeutic cancer vaccine trials.
  • To identify trends in vaccine platforms, adjuvant use, target indications, and treatment combinations.
  • To examine the relationship between trends and the Phase 3: Phase 2 trial ratio.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative analysis of published Phase 2 and Phase 3 therapeutic cancer vaccine trial data.
  • Trend analysis focusing on vaccine platforms, adjuvants, indications, and combination therapies.
  • Comparative analysis of trial phase ratios across different vaccine platforms.

Main Results:

  • Identified shifts in vaccine platforms, adjuvant usage, and target indications over time.
  • Observed trends in antibody and treatment combinations in recent versus past trials.
  • Phase 3 trial registrations remained stable between 2010 and 2014, despite a low overall success rate for vaccine approvals.

Conclusions:

  • Continued investment in therapeutic cancer vaccine development is evident from stable Phase 3 trial registrations.
  • Understanding historical trends is crucial for future development of immunotherapeutic vaccines.
  • Further research into successful vaccine platforms and combination strategies is warranted.
Keywords:
CancerClinical trialImmunotherapeuticVaccine

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Magnetic Fluorescent Bead-Based Dual-Reporter Flow Analysis of PDL1-Vaxx Peptide Vaccine-Induced Antibody Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 Interaction10:18

Author Spotlight: Magnetic Fluorescent Bead-Based Dual-Reporter Flow Analysis of PDL1-Vaxx Peptide Vaccine-Induced Antibody Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 Interaction

Published on: July 7, 2023

1.8K
Potentiation of Anticancer Antibody Efficacy by Antineoplastic Drugs: Detection of Antibody-drug Synergism Using the Combination Index Equation15:04

Potentiation of Anticancer Antibody Efficacy by Antineoplastic Drugs: Detection of Antibody-drug Synergism Using the Combination Index Equation

Published on: January 19, 2019

12.9K

Related Concept Videos

Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
1.3K
Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
5.4K
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
2.2K
Cancer Survival Analysis01:21

Cancer Survival Analysis

Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
830
Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
11.1K
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
533