Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 30, 2026
10:03
Bioluminescent Monitoring of Graft Survival in an Adoptive Transfer Model of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice
Published on: November 18, 2022
2.4K
Metabolic Control With the Bio-inspired Artificial Pancreas in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A 24-Hour Randomized
Monika Reddy1, Pau Herrero2, Mohamed El Sharkawy2
1Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, UK m.reddy@imperial.ac.uk.
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
|November 20, 2015
Summary
The Bio-inspired Artificial Pancreas (BiAP) is a safe closed-loop system for type 1 diabetes management. It achieved similar time in target glucose range as standard therapy but significantly reduced hypoglycemia.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Endocrinology
- Diabetes Technology
Background:
- The Bio-inspired Artificial Pancreas (BiAP) is a novel closed-loop insulin delivery system utilizing a mathematical model of beta-cell physiology.
- It is implemented on a microchip within a low-powered handheld device for diabetes management.
- This study investigated the safety and efficacy of the BiAP system over 24 hours.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Bio-inspired Artificial Pancreas (BiAP) in adults with type 1 diabetes.
- To assess the impact of BiAP on glucose control, specifically time in target range, hypoglycemia, and hyperglycemia.
- To investigate changes in lactate and 3-hydroxybutyrate concentrations during closed-loop operation for the first time.
Main Methods:
- A prospective, randomized, controlled, open-label, crossover study design was employed.
- Participants were randomized to either a 24-hour closed-loop visit using BiAP or a 24-hour open-loop visit with standard insulin pump therapy.
- Primary outcome was percentage time in sensor glucose target range (3.9-10 mmol/l); secondary outcomes included time in hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.
Main Results:
- The BiAP system demonstrated equivalent median time in target range (71% vs 66.9%) compared to standard insulin pump therapy (P = .9).
- Closed-loop operation significantly reduced time spent in hypoglycemia (17.9% to 3.0%, P < .01) but increased time in hyperglycemia (10% vs 28.9%, P = .01).
- Time in target was higher with full meal announcement during closed-loop compared to no or partial announcement (65.7% vs 45.5%, P = .12).
Conclusions:
- The Bio-inspired Artificial Pancreas (BiAP) is safe for use in adults with type 1 diabetes.
- The BiAP system achieved comparable time in target glucose range to standard insulin pump therapy.
- BiAP demonstrated a significant improvement in reducing hypoglycemia, highlighting its potential as an advanced diabetes management tool.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy
1.4K
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
1.4K
01:36Carbohydrate Metabolism
15.0K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
15.0K
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
6.0K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
6.0K
01:16Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
1.2K
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
1.2K
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
5.5K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
5.5K
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
2.8K
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
2.8K