Direct-to-consumer genetic testing for predicting sports performance and talent identification: Consensus statement

Area of Science:

• Sport genetics
• Exercise science
• Human genetics

Background:

• Sport and exercise genetics researchers generally agree that genetic tests are not suitable for talent identification or personalized training.
• A growing direct-to-consumer (DTC) market offers genetic tests claiming to identify athletic talent in children, targeting parents and coaches.

Framework:

• Concerns exist about the misrepresentation of scientific knowledge for commercial gain in the DTC genetic testing market.
• There is a lack of clear guidelines and legislation for DTC genetic testing, including talent identification.
• Issues include unclear information on tested genes/variants and inadequate genetic counseling for consumers.

Implementation:

• Independent studies have revealed quality control problems in DTC genetic testing laboratories, with inconsistent results.
• The current scientific understanding does not support the use of DTC genetic testing for defining or altering training regimens.
• Young athletes should not undergo DTC genetic testing for talent identification or selection purposes.

Implications:

• The scientific community expresses concern over the commercial exploitation of current knowledge limitations.
• There is a need for robust, collaborative research to establish a stronger scientific foundation for genetic testing in sports.
• Future large-scale projects may help develop evidence-based guidelines for genetic testing in athletic contexts.