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The Terroir Concept Interpreted through Grape Berry Metabolomics and Transcriptomics
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Short day transcriptomic programming during induction of dormancy in grapevine.

Anne Y Fennell1, Karen A Schlauch2, Satyanarayana Gouthu3

  • 1Northern Plains BioStress Laboratory, Plant Science Department, South Dakota State University Brookings, SD, USA.

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|November 20, 2015
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Summary

Grapevine bud dormancy is crucial for survival against environmental stress. This study reveals key gene expression patterns and metabolites, like ABA and resveratrol, involved in dormancy commitment, aiding grape breeding and cultivation.

Keywords:
ABASeyvalVitis ripariaVitisNetbudraffinoseresveratroltrehalose

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Grapevine bud dormancy is an adaptive survival mechanism against environmental stresses like drought and temperature extremes.
  • Understanding dormancy mechanisms is vital for grape breeding, cultivar selection, and improved agricultural practices.
  • The grapevine's indeterminate growth and lack of terminal bud development offer a unique model for studying dormancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular and metabolic differences between bud maturation and dormancy commitment in grapevines.
  • To identify key genes and metabolites involved in short-day induced dormancy in Vitis riparia compared to a non-responsive hybrid.
  • To elucidate the distinct phases of dormancy development: perception, induction, and commitment.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative gene expression analysis and targeted metabolite profiling of two grapevine genotypes (Vitis riparia and V. hybrid Seyval) under long and short day conditions.
  • Monitoring gene expression and metabolite levels at seven time points to capture dynamic changes during dormancy induction.
  • Utilizing age-matched buds and a minimal photoperiod difference (2 hours) to isolate dormancy-specific responses.

Main Results:

  • Gene expression profiling identified three distinct phases (perception, induction, dormancy) in short-day induced dormancy in V. riparia.
  • Differential expression of NAC DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEIN 19 and WRKY transcription factors was observed across these phases.
  • Metabolite analysis suggested potential roles for abscisic acid (ABA), trehalose, raffinose, and resveratrol in dormancy commitment.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully differentiated bud maturation from dormancy commitment by analyzing gene expression and metabolite profiles.
  • Key transcription factor families (NAC, WRKY) and specific metabolites (ABA, trehalose, raffinose, resveratrol) are implicated in grapevine dormancy.
  • Comparisons with other species highlight conserved roles for RESVERATROL SYNTHASE and RING FINGER/NAC domain proteins in dormancy.