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Related Concept Videos

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation01:26

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation

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The nursing assessment of the genitourinary (GU) system involves a systematic inspection and palpation to identify abnormalities in the kidneys, bladder, and surrounding structures.InspectionMouth: Inspect for signs of kidney dysfunction, such as stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth) and ammonia breath, which may occur in advanced kidney disease due to the buildup of urea, breaking down into ammonia.Skin: Check for pallor, which could indicate anemia caused by kidney disease. Look for...
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Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

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The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
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Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

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Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
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Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History01:21

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History

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The genitourinary system is critical to maintaining fluid balance, waste elimination, and reproductive function. Nurses play a vital role in assessing this system, beginning with a thorough health history. This process involves gathering patient information, identifying risk factors, and recognizing symptoms of genitourinary disorders. Early detection is vital for timely interventions and management.1. Gathering Patient InformationA complete health history includes the patient’s personal,...
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Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

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Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra....
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Ureters01:22

Ureters

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The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...
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[Small cell carcinoma of the bladder. Small cell lung cancer-associated ganglioside (Fuc GM1) expression].

Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai zasshi. The japanese journal of urologyยท1992
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[A case of severe HELLP syndrome with eclampsia].

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Confocal laser microscopy of dystrophin localization in guinea pig skeletal muscle fibers.

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Related Experiment Video

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Technical Modification of the Terminal Ureter During Total Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
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Technical Modification of the Terminal Ureter During Total Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

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[Urogenital cancer].

K Koiso1, K Rinsho, R Nemoto

  • 1Dept. of Urology, University of Tsukuba.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|April 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Advances in urogenital cancer treatment are driven by early detection methods like imaging. Biologic response modifier (BRM) therapy and improved diagnostics enhance renal, bladder, and prostate cancer management.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Medical Imaging

Context:

  • Urogenital cancer treatment has significantly advanced.
  • Early detection through imaging techniques plays a crucial role.
  • Specific diagnostic markers and therapies have improved patient outcomes.

Purpose:

  • To highlight recent progress in urogenital cancer diagnosis and treatment.
  • To showcase the impact of imaging technologies and novel therapies.
  • To provide an overview of advancements in managing renal, bladder, and prostate cancers.

Summary:

  • Routine imaging methods facilitate early diagnosis of renal cancer, with biologic response modifier (BRM) therapy (interferons and interleukin II) proving beneficial.
  • Ultrasonic imaging precisely detects bladder cancer invasion into vesical muscles and adventitia.

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  • Prostatic specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase are specific markers for prostate cancer, while cisplatin-based chemotherapy shows promise for testicular cancer.

    • Impact:

    • Improved early detection rates for various urogenital malignancies.
    • Enhanced precision in diagnosing cancer invasion and staging.
    • More effective therapeutic strategies, including targeted therapies and chemotherapy, leading to better prognoses.