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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

2.2K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells
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Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells

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Endogenous T-Cell Therapy: Clinical Experience.

Cassian Yee1, Greg Lizee, Aaron J Schueneman

  • 1From the *Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, †The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.

Cancer Journal (Sudbury, Mass.)
|November 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endogenous cellular therapy (ETC) expands tumor-reactive T cells from patient blood for cancer treatment. This approach offers rapid clinical trial deployment and personalized therapies for solid tumors.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Cellular Therapy

Background:

  • Adoptive cellular therapy enhances anti-tumor immunity by transferring ex vivo expanded T cells.
  • Current methods include tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, engineered T cells (CAR/TCR), and endogenous T cells (ETCs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the potential of Endogenous Cellular Therapy (ETC) for treating solid tumors.
  • To emphasize ETC's advantages in rapid clinical trial initiation and personalized treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and expansion of low-frequency tumor-reactive T cells from peripheral blood.
  • Development of specialized methods over two decades for ETC.
  • Leveraging a validated antigen discovery pipeline.

Main Results:

  • ETC methods are becoming broadly applicable for melanoma and other solid tumors.
  • ETC allows rapid clinical trial deployment upon identifying tumor-associated target epitopes.
  • ETC can be combined with immune microenvironment modulators.

Conclusions:

  • Endogenous Cellular Therapy (ETC) is a promising modality for solid tumor treatment.
  • ETC facilitates personalized, antigen-specific T-cell therapies.
  • Further development can establish ETC as a feasible and transformative cancer treatment.