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Sleep problems in bipolar disorders: more than just insomnia
M K Steinan1,2, J Scott3,4, T V Lagerberg5
1Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
|November 23, 2015
Summary
Hypersomnia is a significant sleep issue in bipolar disorder (BD), affecting nearly 30% of patients. This study highlights the importance of recognizing and differentiating sleep problems in BD for better treatment.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Sleep Medicine
- Clinical Psychology
Background:
- Sleep disturbances are prevalent in bipolar disorder (BD), with reported rates varying widely.
- Existing research often lacks standardized definitions and methodologies for assessing sleep problems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate sleep profiles in a large sample of individuals with BD.
- To compare sleep patterns in BD patients experiencing hypersomnia, insomnia, or no sleep problems.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 563 individuals diagnosed with BD I or BD II.
- Structured assessment of demographic, clinical, illness history, and treatment variables.
Main Results:
- Over 40% of BD cases met criteria for insomnia, and 29% for hypersomnia.
- Insomnia was linked to BD II depression, while hypersomnia was associated with BD I depression or euthymia.
- Hypersomnia was more common in younger patients with BD I on antidepressants; insomnia was linked to longer illness duration and use of hypnotics/benzodiazepines.
Conclusions:
- Hypersomnia represents a significant and often overlooked sleep problem in bipolar disorder.
- Further detailed analysis of large BD samples is crucial for understanding sleep profile subgroups.
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