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Making agriculture greener.

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    Sewage sludge application impacts maize growth, with higher concentrations increasing root dry matter and chlorophyll. Biofertilizers may modify heavy metal uptake in plants.

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    Area of Science:

    • Agricultural Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Plant Physiology

    Background:

    • Sewage sludge (Ss) application is a common agricultural practice globally.
    • Understanding its impact on crop physiology and heavy metal uptake is crucial for sustainable agriculture.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the physiological effects of sewage sludge on maize (Zea mays L cvs. PR37NO1).
    • To assess the influence of sewage sludge on metal content and heavy metal uptake, especially when combined with living bacteria containing fertilizers (LBCF).

    Main Methods:

    • Hydroponic experiment with maize using 2 g dm(-3) and 4 g dm(-3) sewage sludge concentrations.
    • Measurement of metal content (Al, Cr, Mn, Na, Zn) in shoots and roots.
    • Analysis of dry matter accumulation, shoot and root length, and chlorophyll content (chlorophyll a, b, carotene) using spectrophotometry.

    Main Results:

    • Dry matter accumulation and shoot length decreased, while root dry matter increased across all sewage sludge treatments compared to the control.
    • Increased chlorophyll a, b, and carotene content were observed at the 4 g dm(-3) sewage sludge concentration, particularly when combined with biofertilizer.

    Conclusions:

    • Sewage sludge application affects maize growth parameters, with varying effects on shoot and root development.
    • Higher sewage sludge concentrations, especially with biofertilizers, can enhance chlorophyll content in maize plants.