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Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Generation of 3D Whole Lung Organoids from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Modeling Lung Developmental Biology and Disease
Published on: April 12, 2021
Update on Molecular Biology of Lung Development--Transcriptomics
1Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Molecular and Personalized Medicine Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 850, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Abstract:
This article highlights some of the significant advances in our understanding of lung developmental biology made over the last few years, which challenge existing paradigms and are relevant to a fundamental understanding of this process. Additional comments address how these new insights may be informative for chronic lung diseases that occur, or initiate, in the neonatal period. This is not meant to be an exhaustive review of the molecular biology of lung development. For a more comprehensive, contemporary review of the cellular and molecular aspects of lung development, readers can refer to recent reviews by others.
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Transcription
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
General Transcription Factors
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Ribosome Profiling
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...

