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Related Concept Videos

Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

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For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
19.8K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

20.7K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

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Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
49.7K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

21.3K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
21.3K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

11.7K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
11.7K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

31.8K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
31.8K

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Crystal structure of [Co(NH3)6][Co(CO)4]2.

Thomas G Müller1, Florian Kraus1

  • 1Anorganische Chemie, Fluorchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic Communications
|November 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Researchers synthesized Hexaamminecobalt(II) bis-[tetra-carbonyl-cobaltate(-I)] using liquid ammonia. The crystal structure features hexa-amminecobalt(II) cations and tetra-carbonyl-cobaltate(-I) anions, stabilized by hydrogen bonds.

Keywords:
ammoniacobalt carbon­ylcrystal structurehydrogen bonding

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Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Crystallography
  • Coordination Chemistry

Background:

  • Cobalt carbonyls are important precursors in inorganic synthesis.
  • The synthesis of novel coordination complexes with unique structural motifs is a key area of research.
  • Understanding the structural and bonding characteristics of transition metal complexes provides insights into chemical reactivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel cobalt complex, Hexaamminecobalt(II) bis-[tetra-carbonyl-cobaltate(-I)], [Co(NH3)6][Co(CO)4]2.
  • To elucidate the crystal structure and bonding of the synthesized compound.
  • To investigate the role of hydrogen bonding in stabilizing the crystal lattice.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis via reaction of cobalt carbonyl (Co2(CO)8) with liquid ammonia.
  • X-ray crystallography for determining the crystal structure.
  • Analysis of coordination environments and point group symmetries of the cation and anion.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of Hexaamminecobalt(II) bis-[tetra-carbonyl-cobaltate(-I)].
  • The hexa-amminecobalt(II) cation ([Co(NH3)6](2+)) exhibits point group symmetry -3.
  • The tetra-carbonyl-cobaltate(-I) anion ([Co(CO)4](-)) forms a distorted tetrahedron with point group symmetry 3.
  • The crystal structure is analogous to high-pressure BaC2, with cations and anions occupying specific sites.
  • N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds were identified as crucial for structural stabilization.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesis yielded a novel cobalt complex with distinct cationic and anionic components.
  • The determined crystal structure reveals specific coordination geometries and symmetries for both ions.
  • Hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in the stability of this complex's crystal lattice.